How to setup SSH to not ask for a password?

I’ve had enough people ask me how to do this that I decided to post a summary here on my blog.

Terms:
Client: machine starting the SSH session
Server: machine running the SSH session
On Client:
Use ssh-keygen to generate a new public/private keypair:
ssh-keygen -t dsa
Take the defaults (except for passphrase if you want to be picky)
Now append the generated public key (id_dsa.pub) onto the authorized keys for server:
cat id_dsa.pub | ssh uname@server 'cat >>.ssh/authorized_keys2'

Make certain that .ssh directory is configured with permission 0700 and contents are permission 0600.